Conference Dates
November 8-12, 2015
Abstract
Gas separation is one of the key technologies to improve the efficiency of combustion process, and to reduce the emission of global warming gases. By using pure or concentrated oxygen, flame temperature governing the Carnot efficiency and the concentration of CO2 in exhaust gas can be raised. Among a number of oxygen separation techniques such as cryogenic separation, oxygen separation membranes based on mixed oxide-ion and electronic conductors have been attracting much attention because of its high selectivity (100% in principle) and the ease of integration into various combustion systems. Figure 1(a) shows how the oxygen separation membrane works; only oxygen can penetrate as a result of ambipolar diffusion of oxide ions and electrons caused by an oxygen potential gradient. To date, a number of oxygen separation membranes such as perovskite-type oxides and dual-phase-type composites containing transition metals have been developed; however, to use the membranes in the expected applications, oxygen permeation flux governed by surface exchange kinetics and the tolerance of CO2, which is a main constituent of exhaust gas, need to be further improved. Recently, our group has succeeded in improving the oxygen permeation flux of Ba-Sr-Co-Fe-based oxygen separation membranes by surface modification using a porous body [1]. In which, weight relaxation performed at 400 °C revealed the enhancement of the surface exchange reaction. The chemical surface exchange coefficient (kchem) was 3.1 times larger for the sample with the porous body coating. A technique to further increse the oxygen flux will be discussed. In addition, how the CO2 tolerance of Ba-Sr-Co-Fe-based oxides can be managed will be presented.
As well as oxygen separation, CO2 separation is of great interest in the context of CO2 capture and storage. As an analogous application using mixed conduction, CO2 separation membranes has been studied [2]. In this case, as shown in Fig. 1(b), the mixed conduction of oxide ions and carbonate ions plays a key role. In this study, a composite material comprising Sm-doped CeO2 and molten carbonates was prepared. The composite was found to permeate CO2 at around 900°C. The CO2 permeation flux was investigated with respect to its microstructure and electrical conductivity.
Recommended Citation
[1] Y. Hayamizu, M. Kato, H. Takamura, “Effects of surface modification on the oxygen permeation of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ membrane”, J. Membr. Sci., 462 (2014) 147–152. [2] T. T. Norton, J. O-.Landeros, Y. S. Lin, “Stability of La−Sr−Co−Fe Oxide−Carbonate Dual-Phase Membranes for Carbon Dioxide Separation at High Temperatures”, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53 (2014) 2432–2440.